آجر از مصالح ساختمانی بسیار قدیمی می باشد، که متواضعانه در همه ی جهان در ساخت و سازهای بشری مورد استفاده قرار گرفته است. و نمای آجری قدیمی از ادوار تاریخی مختلف در دنیا به جای مانده است. که هنوز بسیار شگف انگیز، جذاب و مهمتر از همه هنوز مستحکم ایستاده اند.
در 7000 سال قبل از میلاد مسیح نشانه هایی از وجود آجر دیده می شود و در طول تاریخ این آجر ها بوده اند که بناهای امپراتوری های باستانی ترکیه، مصر، روم و یونان را ساخته اند و هنوز جزء پدیده های پایدار و بسیار زیبای دنیا به شمار می روند. و آجر های به کار رفته در لندن، ادینبورگ و دوبلین هستند که این شهر ها را پیش چشم همگان چشمنواز کرده اند.
آجر عنصری ماندگار در تمام ادوار
در ادوار مختلف تاریخ، معماری های شگف انگیزی در دنیا با آجر ایجاد شد و سالیان سال در برابر برف و باران و آتش سوزی پا بر جا مانده اند. نمای آجری قدیمی این معماری ها بیانگر آنست که تنها عنصر ماندگار ساخت و ساز در دنیا، آجر می باشد.
عنصر آجر همیشه در خط مقدم معماری جهان حضور داشته است. و بناهای بسیار زیبا و شگفت انگیزی با آن خلق شد. در اکثر این بنا ها فضاهای هندسی و دریچه هایی با نور طبیعی وجود دارد. نمایش این هارمونی های زیبا و تضمین دوام بنا تنها بوسیله این عنصر ماندگار امکان پذیر می باشد.
نمای آجری قدیمی در ایران
1)گنبد سلطانیه در زنجان
2)مسجد شیخ لطف‌الله در اصفهان
3)گنبد سرخ در مراغه
4)برج مهماندوست در دامغان
5)مقبره امیر منصور سامانی در بخارا
6)گنبد سرخ در مراغه
7)برج قابوس در گنبد کاووس
گنبد قابوس، برج‌های لاجیم و رسگت در سوادکوه، میل رادکان غربی و پیر علمدار دامغان بناهایی در افغانستان، بخارا، شمال و مرکز ایران هستند. که از مهمترین بناهای آجری به جا مانده از دوره های سامانی، غزنوی، آل زیار و آل بویه( در قرن دوم تا اوایل قرن پنجم )می باشند.
در دوره های سلجوقیان و خوارزمشاهیان بناهای شکوهمندی با آجر در ایران خلق می شود که از مهمترین آنها برج‌های خرقان قزوین، مسجد جامع اصفهان، رباط شرف، مناره‌‌های خراسان و اصفهان و گنبد سرخ مراغه را می توان نام برد.
هر نمای آجری قدیمی، دنیایی از هنر و خلاقیت می باشد.
قدیمی ترین بناهای آجری
- کلیسای جامع سنت باسیل در مسکو روسیه می باشد. قدمت این کلیسا به قرن شانزدهم میلادی می رسد. این کلیسا یکی از جاذبه های توریستی و پرطرفدار روسیه به شمار می آید. این بنا در سبک های معماری بیزانس، رنسانس ایتالیا و معماری اسلامی می باشد. در بخش های مختلف کلیسا به خصوص قسمت سقف آن از آجر استفاده شده.
- برج قابوس واقع در شهر گلستان بلندترین برج آجری جهان می باشد که با بیش از ۱۰۰۰ سال طول عمر هنوز استوار و پا برجا مانده است و هر ساله تعداد زیادی از گردشگران داخلی و خارجی مجذوب معماری منحصر بفرد آن می شوند.
- ساختمان لانه موریانه در ویتنام می باشد. به منظور مقاومت در برابر شرایط بد آب و هوایی منطقه، مصالح اصلی این بنا آجر انتخاب شد. به دلیل ساختار تو در تو، راهرو ها و اتاقهایی که به یک حیاط مرکزی می رسند، نام لانه موریانه برای آن انتخاب شده.
- مسجد جامع سامرا در عراق می باشد. قدمت این مسجد به سال 852 میلادی می رسد. مناره حلزونی شکل آن از مهمترین بخش های بنا بشمار می رود. امروزه از این مسجد تنها همین مناره آجری با ارتفاع 53 متر و دیوار بیرونی باقی مانده.
نمای آجری در خانه ها
از قرن دوازدهم (زندیه و قاجاریه) استفاده از آجر در بناهای مسکونی آغاز شد. و تا به امروز که به عنوان عنصر اصلی ساخت و ساز جایگاه خود را تثبیت کرده است. از سوی دیگر با تنوع در رنگ، بافت و ابعاد آجر سبب شد تا کاربردهای آجر در بخشهای نما کاری ساختمان و دکوراسیون داخلی نیز گسترش چشمگیری داشته است.
کارخانه آجر نما شهرزاد ایران زمین، در راستای نیاز و سلیقه روز دنیا، انواع آجر را با مرغوب ترین مواد اولیه در ابعاد و رنگهای متنوع، با بهترین کیفیت تولید می نماید.
شما نیز می توانید با انتخاب بهترین آجر نمای ساختمان، نمای آجری مدرن برای ساختمانهای امروز خلق کرده و رد پایی زیبا و ماندگار برای آیندگان ثبت نمایید.
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